If you're uncertain how to choose between duplication and replication services, don't worry. The decision is made for you once you know how many copies of CDs or DVDs you want. If it's hundreds of discs, it's duplication. If it's thousands, it's replication.

While the differences between duplication and replication services are significant, you'll actually find a considerable number of similarities between the two:

• The quality of the completed discs is about the same.
• Both services are automated on highly precise equipment.
• You can choose all the same packaging and additional services you want.
• Both feature in-line inspection to ensure there are no errors.
• Vendors can provide finished proofs before a production run to see if they meet your standards.

Where they differ the most is quantity and process.

Quantity considerations
Duplication is reserved for 200 to 1000 copies of CDs or DVDs. Most vendors won't accept orders for fewer than 200 discs but you may be able to find an online vendor that accepts small quantities. Since larger workloads are taxing on duplication equipment, this service gets expensive beyond 1,000 copies.

Once you need 1,000 or more copies, your media needs to be replicated. Creating the glass master requires a larger initial investment, but once complete it can be used to make as many as a million copies in an automated print run. Even at runs of several thousand copies, the volume discounts make replication much cheaper than duplication.

Process considerations
Duplication machines burn exact copies of a master recording onto blank recordable discs using a laser process – similar to a standard PC burner. The turnaround time for duplication services is generally quick – you can get your finished discs within 3 to 5 days. If you need faster turnaround, vendors may offer rush services, but they can add as much as 50% to your total costs.

Replication takes about 5 to 12 days, depending on the drive speed, amount of data, and any additional services you request. After a print run, the vendor can recycle the glass master or let you keep it, but the master can only be used for future replications on the vendor's machines.

Once the discs are created, artwork can be added to the surface using a silkscreen or offset printing process.

In-house duplication
Businesses with frequent duplication needs such as design companies, ad agencies, software startups, and post-production houses may want to bring the duplication process in-house.

A basic disc duplication machine starts at a few hundred dollars, with fully-automated systems reaching several thousand dollars. Keep in mind that while you may save money by performing your own duplication, services such as printing, packaging, mastering, and assembly may all add to your total costs. If your duplication needs call for it, you can request free quotes for CD/DVD duplication equipment.

If you need to regularly produce batches of more than 1,000 discs, you'll need to work with a replication vendor: replication equipment is far too expensive for most businesses to own and operate.